Skip header and navigation
The BC Cancer Library

Delivering timely service and evidence-informed resources to people in BC and the Yukon facing cancer and those involved in oncology care or research.

Refine by:

20 records – page 1 of 1.

Regional Pharmacy Services : parenteral drug therapy manual : Vancouver acute HSDA

https://bccalibrary.andornot.com/en/permalink/catalog18303
Vancouver Coastal Health, Providence Health Care. [Vancouver, BC?]: Vancouver General Hospital. Pharmacy Department , 2012-.
Audience
Professional
Call Number
QV38 V223 2012
How to access the PDTM on VCH/PHC May 2008 version 1; Policies; Monographs; Appendices
  1 read online  
Alternate Title
Parenteral drug therapy manual : Vancouver Acute Health Service Delivery Area : part of Lower Mainland Pharmacy Services
BC Cancer Agency Parenteral drug monograph : administration approval
PDTM
Corporate Author
Vancouver Coastal Health
Providence Health Care
Place of Publication
[Vancouver, BC?]
Publisher
Vancouver General Hospital. Pharmacy Department
Publication Date
2012-
Subjects
Infusions, Parenteral
Drug Therapy
Pharmaceutical Services
Hospitals - drug therapy
Antineoplastic Agents
BC Cancer Agency
Handbooks
Abstract
How to access the PDTM on VCH/PHC May 2008 version 1
Policies
Monographs
Appendices
Language
English
Material Type
Book
Looseleaf
Online
Audience
Professional
Location
Internet
Call Number
QV38 V223 2012
Website Notes
Vancouver Coastal Health intranet
Read Online
Show Less

Manual for pharmacy technicians

https://bccalibrary.andornot.com/en/permalink/catalog121705
[Bethesda, MD]: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists , 2019. 5th ed.
Audience
Professional
Call Number
QV735 M294 2019
Availability
1 copy, 1 available
Alternate Title
Manual for pharmacy technicians (American Society of Health-System Pharmacists)
Editor
Bachenheimer, Bonnie S
Edition
5th ed.
Place of Publication
[Bethesda, MD]
Publisher
American Society of Health-System Pharmacists
Publication Date
2019
Subjects
Pharmacy
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Pharmacy Technicians - education
Education, Pharmacy
Handbooks
ISBN
9781585285013
Language
English
Material Type
Book
Audience
Professional
Location
Vancouver Library
Call Number
QV735 M294 2019

Copies

c.1 BC Cancer Agency VAN Library Available
Show Less

BC Cancer Agency 2010 annual cancer conference : interdisciplinary cancer control in the 21st century

https://bccalibrary.andornot.com/en/permalink/catalog19580
BC Cancer Agency. Annual Cancer Conference (2010 November 25-27 : Vancouver, BC). [Vancouver, BC?]: BC Cancer Agency. Multi-Media Services , 2010.
Audience
Professional
Call Number
QZ200 B366 2010
Availability
12 copies, 12 available
v.1: Programme; v.2: Abstracts
Alternate Title
Annual cancer conference
BCCA annual cancer conference
BC Cancer Agency : annual cancer conference
Corporate Author
BC Cancer Agency. Annual Cancer Conference (2010 November 25-27 : Vancouver, BC)
Place of Publication
[Vancouver, BC?]
Publisher
BC Cancer Agency. Multi-Media Services
Publication Date
2010
Physical Description
2v. ; 28 cm.
Subjects
Neoplasms - prevention & control
Medical Oncology
Interdisciplinary Communication
Biomedical Research
Translational Research
Survivors
BC Cancer Agency
Abstract
v.1: Programme
v.2: Abstracts
Language
English
Material Type
Book
Audience
Professional
Location
Vancouver Library
VC Library Archives
Kelowna Library
Surrey Library
Victoria Library
Abbotsford Library
Call Number
QZ200 B366 2010

Copies

c.1 BC Cancer Agency ARHCC Library Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency ARHCC Library Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency KEL Library Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency KEL Library Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency SUR Library Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency SUR Library Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency VAN Library Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency VAN Library Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency VIC Library Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency VIC Library Available
c.2 BC Cancer Agency VAN Library Available
c.2 BC Cancer Agency VAN Library Available
Show Less

BC Cancer Agency 2011 annual cancer conference : improving cancer care through partnerships

https://bccalibrary.andornot.com/en/permalink/catalog20185
BC Cancer Agency. Annual Cancer Conference (2011 December 1-3 : Vancouver, BC). [Vancouver, BC?]: BC Cancer Agency. Multi-Media Services , 2011.
Audience
Professional
Call Number
QZ200 B366 2011
Availability
14 copies, 14 available
v.1: Improving cancer care through partnerships : programme and abstracts; v.2: Partners in discovery : improving cancer care through partnerships
Alternate Title
Annual cancer conference
BCCA annual cancer conference
BC Cancer Agency : annual cancer conference
Corporate Author
BC Cancer Agency. Annual Cancer Conference (2011 December 1-3 : Vancouver, BC)
Place of Publication
[Vancouver, BC?]
Publisher
BC Cancer Agency. Multi-Media Services
Publication Date
2011
Physical Description
2v. ; 28 cm.
Subjects
Neoplasms - prevention & control
Medical Oncology
Interdisciplinary Communication
Biomedical Research
Translational Research
Support of Research
Survivors
BC Cancer Agency
Abstract
v.1: Improving cancer care through partnerships : programme and abstracts
v.2: Partners in discovery : improving cancer care through partnerships
Language
English
Material Type
Book
Audience
Professional
Location
Vancouver Library
Kelowna Library
Surrey Library
Victoria Library
Abbotsford Library
Call Number
QZ200 B366 2011

Copies

c.1 BC Cancer Agency ARHCC Library Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency ARHCC Library Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency KEL Library Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency KEL Library Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency SUR Library Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency SUR Library Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency VAN Library Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency VAN Library Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency VAN Library Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency VAN Library Archives Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency VIC Library Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency VIC Library Available
c.2 BC Cancer Agency VAN Library Available
c.2 BC Cancer Agency VAN Library Available
Show Less

BC Cancer Agency 2012 annual cancer conference : evolving dynamics in research and patient care

https://bccalibrary.andornot.com/en/permalink/catalog20855
BC Cancer Agency. Annual Cancer Conference (2012 November 29 -December 1 : Vancouver, BC). [Vancouver, BC?]: BC Cancer Agency. Multi-Media Services , 2012.
Audience
Professional
Call Number
QZ200 B366 2012
Availability
6 copies, 6 available
Alternate Title
Annual cancer conference
BCCA annual cancer conference
BC Cancer Agency : annual cancer conference
Corporate Author
BC Cancer Agency. Annual Cancer Conference (2012 November 29 -December 1 : Vancouver, BC)
Place of Publication
[Vancouver, BC?]
Publisher
BC Cancer Agency. Multi-Media Services
Publication Date
2012
Physical Description
160 p. : ill. ; 28 cm.
Subjects
Neoplasms - prevention & control
Medical Oncology
Interdisciplinary Communication
Biomedical Research
Translational Research
Support of Research
Survivors
BC Cancer Agency
Language
English
Material Type
Book
Audience
Professional
Location
Vancouver Library
VC Library Archives
Kelowna Library
Surrey Library
Victoria Library
Abbotsford Library
Call Number
QZ200 B366 2012

Copies

c.1 BC Cancer Agency ARHCC Library Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency KEL Library Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency SUR Library Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency VAN Library Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency VAN Library Archives Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency VIC Library Available
Show Less

Northern Cancer Control Strategy business plan : a joint initiative between Northern Health and the PHSA/BC Cancer Agency

https://bccalibrary.andornot.com/en/permalink/catalog18201
BC Cancer Agency, Northern Health. Prince George, BC: Northern Health , 2009.
Audience
Professional
Availability
1 copy, 1 available
Corporate Author
BC Cancer Agency
Northern Health
Place of Publication
Prince George, BC
Publisher
Northern Health
Publication Date
2009
Physical Description
10 p. : ill. ; 28 cm.
Subjects
Northern Cancer Control Strategy
Northern Health
Neoplasms - prevention & control
Cancer Care Facilities - organization & administration
BC Cancer Agency
Health Services Accessibility
Health Services Needs and Demand
Health Planning
British Columbia
Language
English
Material Type
Booklet
Handout
Audience
Professional
Location
Vancouver Library Pamphlet File

Copies

VC BC Cancer Agency VC Library Pamphlet File Available
Show Less

Access device standards of practice for oncology nursing

https://bccalibrary.andornot.com/en/permalink/catalog119736
Oncology Nursing Society , 2017.
Audience
Professional
  1 read online  
Editor
Camp-Sorrell, Dawn
Matey, Laurl
Publisher
Oncology Nursing Society
Publication Date
2017
Series
R2 Library
Subjects
Neoplasms - nursing
Vascular Access Devices - standards
Infusions, Parenteral - instrumentation
Oncology Nursing - standards
Evidence-Based Practice
Handbooks
Notes
CHAPTER 1: ACCESS DEVICE STANDARDS, RECOMMENDATIONS, AND CONTROVERSIES
CHAPTER 2: SHORT-TERM PERIPHERAL INTRAVENOUS CATHETERS
CHAPTER 3: MIDLINE CATHETERS
CHAPTER 4: NONTUNNELED CENTRAL VENOUS LINES
CHAPTER 5: PERIPHERALLY INSERTED CENTRAL CATHETERS
CHAPTER 6: TUNNELED CENTRAL VENOUS CATHETERS
CHAPTER 7: IMPLANTED VENOUS PORTS
CHAPTER 8: APHERESIS CATHETERS
CHAPTER 9: COMPLICATIONS OF LONG-TERM VENOUS ACCESS DEVICES
CHAPTER 10: SUBCUTANEOUS (HYPODERMOCLYSIS) INFUSION DEVICES
CHAPTER 11: ARTERIAL ACCESS DEVICES
CHAPTER 12: INTRAVENTRICULAR ACCESS DEVICES
CHAPTER 13: EPIDURAL AND INTRATHECAL ACCESS DEVICES
CHAPTER 14: INTRAPERITONEAL CATHETERS
CHAPTER 15: PLEURAL CATHETERS
CHAPTER 16: AMBULATORY INFUSION PUMPS
CHAPTER 17: EDUCATION, DOCUMENTATION, AND LEGAL ISSUES FOR ACCESS DEVICES
APPENDICES
ISBN
9781935864905
Language
English
Material Type
Ebook
Audience
Professional
Location
Internet
Website Notes
This R2 title is licensed for one BC Cancer staff user at a time only. Authentication via HealthBC sign in required. Use your BC Cancer staff username and ID when prompted.
Read Online
Show Less

Aseptic and safe preparation of cytotoxic drugs : procedures and checklists

https://bccalibrary.andornot.com/en/permalink/catalog2043
BC Cancer Agency. Division of Pharmacy. [Vancouver, BC?]: BC Cancer Agency. Division of Pharmacy , 1995.
Audience
Professional
Call Number
QZ267 B862a 1995
Availability
1 copy, 1 available
Corporate Author
BC Cancer Agency. Division of Pharmacy
Place of Publication
[Vancouver, BC?]
Publisher
BC Cancer Agency. Division of Pharmacy
Publication Date
1995
Subjects
Antineoplastic Agents
Handbooks
ISBN
1896624006
Language
English
Material Type
Book
Audience
Professional
Location
VC Library Archives
Call Number
QZ267 B862a 1995

Copies

c.1 BC Cancer Agency VAN Library Archives Available
Show Less

Physician's guide to diagnosing and treating breast cancer

https://bccalibrary.andornot.com/en/permalink/catalog17689
AstraZeneca. [Toronto, ON]: Health Education Media , 2007.
Audience
Professional
Call Number
WP870 P579 2007
Availability
1 copy, 1 available
Corporate Author
AstraZeneca
Place of Publication
[Toronto, ON]
Publisher
Health Education Media
Publication Date
2007
Subjects
Breast Neoplasms
Practice Guideline
Handbooks
Language
English
Material Type
Book
Audience
Professional
Location
Vancouver Library
Call Number
WP870 P579 2007

Copies

c.1 BC Cancer Agency VAN Library Available
Show Less

International Agency for Research on Cancer : biennial report 2010-2011

https://bccalibrary.andornot.com/en/permalink/catalog20496
International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer , 2010.
Audience
Professional
  3 read online  
Alternate Title
IARC biennial report 2010-2011
Biennial report 2010-2011
Corporate Author
International Agency for Research on Cancer
World Health Organization
Place of Publication
Lyon, France
Publisher
International Agency for Research on Cancer
Publication Date
2010
Subjects
Neoplasms - epidemiology
Neoplasms - genetics
Neoplasms - prevention & control
Research
International Agency for Research on Cancer
World Health
ISBN
9789283204275
ISSN
0250-8613
Language
English
Material Type
Book
Online
Audience
Professional
Location
Internet
Read Online
Show Less

International Agency for Research on Cancer : biennial report 2008-2009

https://bccalibrary.andornot.com/en/permalink/catalog20497
International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer , 2009.
Audience
Professional
  3 read online  
Alternate Title
IARC biennial report 2008-2009
Biennial report 2008-2009
Corporate Author
International Agency for Research on Cancer
World Health Organization
Place of Publication
Lyon, France
Publisher
International Agency for Research on Cancer
Publication Date
2009
Subjects
Neoplasms - epidemiology
Neoplasms - genetics
Neoplasms - prevention & control
Research
International Agency for Research on Cancer
World Health
ISBN
9789283204251
ISSN
0250-8613
Language
English
Material Type
Book
Online
Audience
Professional
Location
Internet
Read Online
Show Less

International Agency for Research on Cancer : biennial report 2012-2013

https://bccalibrary.andornot.com/en/permalink/catalog21541
International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer , 2013.
Audience
Professional
  1 read online  
Alternate Title
IARC biennial report 2012-2013
Biennial report 2012-2013
Corporate Author
International Agency for Research on Cancer
World Health Organization
Place of Publication
Lyon, France
Publisher
International Agency for Research on Cancer
Publication Date
2013
Subjects
Neoplasms - epidemiology
Neoplasms - genetics
Neoplasms - prevention & control
Research
International Agency for Research on Cancer
World Health
ISBN
978928320430-5
ISSN
0250-8613
Language
English
Material Type
Book
Online
Audience
Professional
Location
Internet
Read Online
Show Less

International Agency for Research on Cancer : biennial report 2006-2007

https://bccalibrary.andornot.com/en/permalink/catalog16488
International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer , 2007.
Audience
Professional
Call Number
QZ200 I62b 2007
Availability
1 copy, 1 available
  1 read online  
Alternate Title
IARC biennial report 2006-2007
Biennial report 2006-2007
Corporate Author
International Agency for Research on Cancer
World Health Organization
Place of Publication
Lyon, France
Publisher
International Agency for Research on Cancer
Publication Date
2007
Physical Description
xvi, 77 p. : ill. ; 28 cm.
Subjects
Neoplasms - epidemiology
Neoplasms - genetics
Neoplasms - prevention & control
Research
International Agency for Research on Cancer
World Health
ISBN
9789283210924
ISSN
0250-8613
Language
English
Material Type
Book
Online
Audience
Professional
Location
Vancouver Library
Internet
Call Number
QZ200 I62b 2007
Website Notes
URL links to the most recent reports.
Read Online

Copies

c.1 BC Cancer Agency VAN Library Available
Show Less

2011 oncology nursing drug handbook

https://bccalibrary.andornot.com/en/permalink/catalog19524
Wilkes, Gail M, Burke, Margaret Barton. Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning , 2011. completely rev. and updated ed.
Audience
Professional
Call Number
WY156 W683 2011
Availability
3 copies, 3 available
Alternate Title
Oncology nursing drug handbook
Author
Wilkes, Gail M
Burke, Margaret Barton
Edition
completely rev. and updated ed.
Place of Publication
Sudbury, MA
Publisher
Jones & Bartlett Learning
Publication Date
2011
Physical Description
xxiv, 1368 p. : ill. ; 22 cm.
Subjects
Neoplasms - drug therapy
Neoplasms - nursing
Antineoplastic Agents
Oncology Nursing
Nurses' Instruction
Handbooks
ISBN
9781449600136
ISSN
1536-0024
Language
English
Material Type
Book
Audience
Professional
Location
Vancouver Library
Surrey Library
Abbotsford Library
Call Number
WY156 W683 2011

Copies

c.1 BC Cancer Agency ARHCC Library Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency SUR Library Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency VAN Library Available
Show Less

2007 oncology nursing drug handbook

https://bccalibrary.andornot.com/en/permalink/catalog21803
Wilkes, Gail M, Burke, Margaret Barton. Sudbury, Ma.: Jones and Bartlett Publishers , 2007.
Audience
Professional
Call Number
WY156 W683 2007
Availability
1 copy, 1 available
Alternate Title
Two thousand seven oncology nursing drug handbook
Author
Wilkes, Gail M
Burke, Margaret Barton
Place of Publication
Sudbury, Ma.
Publisher
Jones and Bartlett Publishers
Publication Date
2007
Physical Description
xxiv, 1217 p. : ill. ; 22 cm.
Subjects
Neoplasms - drug therapy
Neoplasms - nursing
Antineoplastic Agents
Oncology Nursing
Nurses' Instruction
Handbooks
ISBN
9780763743062
0763743062
ISSN
1536-0024
Language
English
Material Type
Book
Audience
Professional
Location
Kelowna Library
Call Number
WY156 W683 2007

Copies

c.1 BC Cancer Agency KEL Library Available
Show Less

Plenary lecture : clinical trials in developing countries

https://bccalibrary.andornot.com/en/permalink/catalog16251
Magrath, Ian. [Vancouver, BC?]: BC Cancer Agency. Multi-Media Services , 2006.
Audience
Professional
Call Number
QZ200 B366a 2006 v.7
Availability
2 copies, 2 available
Full conference information obtained from the Annual cancer conference program and abstracts. See ID# 15548. (QZ200 B366 2006)
Alternate Title
Annual cancer conference
Annual cancer conference : partners in research and care : BC and the world
Author
Magrath, Ian
Corporate Author
BC Cancer Agency. Annual Cancer Conference (2006 November 23-25 : Vancouver, BC)
Place of Publication
[Vancouver, BC?]
Publisher
BC Cancer Agency. Multi-Media Services
Publication Date
2006
Physical Description
60 minutes
Series
BC Cancer Agency annual cancer conference 2006 v.7
Subjects
Clinical Trials
Developing Countries
Neoplasms - prevention & control
BC Cancer Agency
Abstract
Full conference information obtained from the Annual cancer conference program and abstracts. See ID# 15548. (QZ200 B366 2006)
Language
English
Material Type
Video
DVD
Audience
Professional
Location
Victoria Library
Vancouver Library AV Room
Call Number
QZ200 B366a 2006 v.7

Copies

c.1 BC Cancer Agency VAN Library AV Room Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency VIC Library Available
Show Less

Discussion panel : clinical trials in developing countries

https://bccalibrary.andornot.com/en/permalink/catalog16252
Sutcliffe, Simon, Magrath, Ian, Elwood, Mark, Connors, Joseph M. [Vancouver, BC?]: BC Cancer Agency. Multi-Media Services , 2006.
Audience
Professional
Call Number
QZ200 B366a 2006 v.8
Availability
2 copies, 2 available
Full conference information obtained from the Annual cancer conference program and abstracts. See ID# 15548. (QZ200 B366 2006)
Alternate Title
Annual cancer conference
Annual cancer conference : partners in research and care : BC and the world
Author
Sutcliffe, Simon
Magrath, Ian
Elwood, Mark
Connors, Joseph M
Corporate Author
BC Cancer Agency. Annual Cancer Conference (2006 November 23-25 : Vancouver, BC)
Place of Publication
[Vancouver, BC?]
Publisher
BC Cancer Agency. Multi-Media Services
Publication Date
2006
Physical Description
20 minutes
Series
BC Cancer Agency annual cancer conference 2006 v.8
Subjects
Clinical Trials
Developing Countries
Neoplasms - prevention & control
BC Cancer Agency
Abstract
Full conference information obtained from the Annual cancer conference program and abstracts. See ID# 15548. (QZ200 B366 2006)
Language
English
Material Type
Video
DVD
Audience
Professional
Location
Vancouver Library AV Room
Victoria Library
Call Number
QZ200 B366a 2006 v.8

Copies

c.1 BC Cancer Agency VAN Library AV Room Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency VIC Library Available
Show Less

Screening for cancer of the cervix : an office manual for health professionals

https://bccalibrary.andornot.com/en/permalink/catalog16355
BC Cancer Agency. Cervical Cancer Screening Program. [Vancouver, BC?]: BC Cancer Agency. Cervical Cancer Screening Program , 2007. 7th ed.
Audience
Professional
Call Number
QY95 B862 2007
Availability
2 copies, 2 available
Corporate Author
BC Cancer Agency. Cervical Cancer Screening Program
Edition
7th ed.
Place of Publication
[Vancouver, BC?]
Publisher
BC Cancer Agency. Cervical Cancer Screening Program
Publication Date
2007
Physical Description
17 p. : ill. ; 28 cm.
Subjects
Vaginal Smears
Cytology
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - diagnosis
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - prevention & control
Mass Screening
Cytological Techniques
BC Cancer Agency Cervical Cancer Screening Program
Handbooks
Language
English
Material Type
Booklet
Handout
Audience
Professional
Location
Vancouver Library
Victoria Library
Call Number
QY95 B862 2007

Copies

c.1 BC Cancer Agency VAN Library Available
c.1 BC Cancer Agency VIC Library Available
Show Less

2020-2021 Oncology nursing drug handbook

https://bccalibrary.andornot.com/en/permalink/catalog122331
Wilkes, Gail M, Burke, Margaret Barton. Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning , 2020.
Audience
Professional
Call Number
WY156 W683 2020
Availability
1 copy, 1 available
  1 read online  
Alternate Title
Oncology nursing drug handbook
Author
Wilkes, Gail M
Burke, Margaret Barton
Place of Publication
Sudbury, MA
Publisher
Jones & Bartlett Learning
Publication Date
2020
Physical Description
xxvi, 2017 p. : ill. ; 22 cm.
Series
R2 Library
Subjects
Neoplasms - drug therapy
Neoplasms - nursing
Antineoplastic Agents
Oncology Nursing
Nurses' Instruction
Drug Therapy
Handbooks
ISBN
9781284171327
ISSN
1536-0024
Language
English
Material Type
Book
Ebook
Audience
Professional
Location
Surrey Library
Internet
Call Number
WY156 W683 2020
Website Notes
This R2 title is licensed for one BC Cancer staff user at a time only. Authentication via HealthBC sign in required. Use your BC Cancer staff username and ID when prompted.
Read Online

Copies

c.1 BC Cancer Agency SUR Library Available
Show Less
Blondel-Hill, Edith, Fryters, Susan. Edmonton, AB: Capital Health , 2006.
Audience
Professional
Call Number
QV350 B654 2006
Availability
1 copy, 1 available
Author
Blondel-Hill, Edith
Fryters, Susan
Place of Publication
Edmonton, AB
Publisher
Capital Health
Publication Date
2006
Physical Description
v, 459 p. ; 17 cm.
Subjects
Antibiotics
Anti-Infective Agents
Communicable Diseases - drug therapy
Handbooks
Language
English
Material Type
Book
Audience
Professional
Location
Kelowna Library
Call Number
QV350 B654 2006

Copies

c.1 BC Cancer Agency KEL Library Available
Show Less

20 records – page 1 of 1.