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Radiation safety aspects of nanotechnology : recommendations of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements

https://bccalibrary.andornot.com/en/permalink/catalog121019
National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. [Bethesda, MD]: National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements , 2017.
Audience
Professional
Table of Contents:; 1. Executive Summary -- 1.1 Background -- 1.2 Scope -- 1.3 Conclusions and Recommendations -- 1.3.1 General -- 1.3.2 Operational Health Physics -- 1.3.3 Internal Dosimetry -- 1.3.4 Summary -- 2. Introduction -- 2.1 Background -- 2.2 Purpose -- 3. Types and Sources of Nanomateria…
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Corporate Author
National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements
Place of Publication
[Bethesda, MD]
Publisher
National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements
Publication Date
2017
Physical Description
1 online resource
Series
Proquest Ebook Central
NCRP report 176
Subjects
Nanoparticles
Radiation Exposure - adverse effects
Radiation Protection - methods
Radiometry
Safety Management - methods
Nanotechnology - standards
United States
Guideline
Abstract
Table of Contents:
1. Executive Summary -- 1.1 Background -- 1.2 Scope -- 1.3 Conclusions and Recommendations -- 1.3.1 General -- 1.3.2 Operational Health Physics -- 1.3.3 Internal Dosimetry -- 1.3.4 Summary -- 2. Introduction -- 2.1 Background -- 2.2 Purpose -- 3. Types and Sources of Nanomaterials Including Radioactive Nanoparticles -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Naturally Occurring and Incidentally Produced Nanomaterials -- 3.3 Radiation-Induced Synthesis of Nanomaterials -- 3.4 Radioactive Nanomaterials -- 3.4.1 Naturally Occurring Radioactive Nanomaterials -- 3.4.2 Incidentally Produced Radioactive Nanomaterials -- 3.4.3 Radiolabeled Nanomaterials -- 4. Physicochemical Concerns for Exposure to Nanoparticles -- 4.1 Nanoparticle Physicochemical Properties -- 4.1.1 Deposition Within the Respiratory Tract -- 4.1.2 Translocation Across Organ Membranes -- 4.1.3 Surface Area and Reactivity in Biological Systems -- 4.1.4 Particle Shape -- 4.1.5 Particle Agglomeration -- 4.1.6 Material Dispersibility -- 4.1.7 Material Surface Charge -- 4.2 Nanoparticle Exposure Experiences Involving Humans -- 4.2.1 Magic Nano Event -- 4.2.2 Event in China -- 4.2.3 Nickel Sensitization Case -- 4.2.4 Polymer and Metal Fume Experience -- 4.3 Guidance on Managing Physicochemical Concerns for Exposure to Nanoparticles -- 5. Operational Health Physics in a Nanotechnology Environment -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.1.1 Attention to the Physicochemical Toxicity of Radioactive Nanomaterials -- 5.1.2 Changes that May be Needed for Internal Dosimetry -- 5.1.3 Changes that May be Needed for Dispersion of Airborne Particles -- 5.1.4 Summary of Radiation Program Elements Applicable to Working with Radioactive Nanomaterials -- 5.2 Hierarchy of Exposure Controls for Facility and Process Design -- 5.2.1 Elimination and Substitution -- 5.2.2 Engineered Controls
5.2.3 Administrative Controls -- 5.2.4 Personal Protective Equipment -- 5.3 Use of Radioactive Nanomaterials in Medical Settings -- 5.4 Management and Disposal of Radioactive Nanomaterial Waste -- 5.5 Control of Public Exposure -- 5.6 Emergency Response -- 5.7 Incident Investigation -- 5.8 Effective Risk Communication -- 6. Nanoparticle Issues for Internal Radiation Dosimetry -- 6.1 Framework for Considering Radioactive Nanoparticle Internal Dosimetry -- 6.2 General Approach to Biokinetic Modeling for Intakes of Radioactive Nanoparticles -- 6.3 Radiation Dosimetry of Inhaled Radioactive Nanoparticles -- 6.3.1 Deposition of Inhaled Radioactive Nanoparticles -- 6.3.2 Clearance of Inhaled Radioactive Nanoparticles -- 6.3.3 Respiratory Tract Dosimetry for Radioactive Nanoparticles -- 6.4 Radiation Dosimetry of Ingested Radioactive Nanoparticles -- 6.5 Radiation Dosimetry of Radioactive Nanoparticles for Intact Skin -- 6.6 Radiation Dosimetry of Radioactive Nanoparticles in Wounds -- 6.7 Biokinetics of Nanoparticles that Affect Internal Dosimetry -- 6.7.1 Regional Deposition of Radioactive Nanoparticles -- 6.7.2 Biokinetic Characteristics of Inhaled Radioactive Nanoparticles -- 6.7.3 Biokinetics Example: Monomeric and Polymeric Plutonium -- 7. Dose Assessment and Medical Management for Individuals Exposed to Radioactive Nanoparticles -- 7.1 Approaches for Dose Assessment -- 7.2 Occupational Exposure and Dose Assessment Scenario: Plutonium Processing Facility -- 7.3 Impact of Radioactive Nanoparticles on Dose Assessment -- 7.4 Impact of Radioactive Nanoparticles on Medical Management Decisions -- 8. Conclusions and Recommendations -- 8.1 Hazard and Exposure Assessment -- 8.1.1 Conclusions -- 8.1.2 Recommendations -- 8.2 Operational Health Physics -- 8.2.1 Conclusions -- 8.2.2 Recommendations -- 8.3 Nanoparticle Issues for Radiation Dosimetry
8.3.1 Conclusions -- 8.3.2 Recommendations -- 8.4 Dose Assessment and Medical Management -- 8.4.1 Conclusions -- 8.4.2 Recommendations -- Appendix A. Radiolabeled Nanoparticles -- A.1 Use of Radionuclides to Characterize and Quantitate Nanoparticle Contents -- A.2 Radiolabeled Nanoparticles for Biokinetic and Toxicologic Investigations -- A.3 Radiolabeled Nanoparticles for Diagnostic Medicine -- A.4 Radiolabeled Nanoparticles for Medical Imaging -- A.5 Radiolabeled Nanoparticles for Therapeutic Medicine -- A.6 Use of Radiation-Induced Emissions and Hyperthermal Effects from Nanoparticles in Therapeutic Medicine -- Appendix B. Biokinetic Models -- B.1 Fate of Nanoparticles in the Lungs -- B.2 Particle Clearance and Translocation Pathways -- B.3 Exposure and Biokinetics of Ingested Nanoparticles -- B.4 Human and Animal Studies Using Radioactive Nanoparticles -- Appendix C. Key Concepts for Understanding Nanoparticle Aerosol Properties and Behaviors -- C.1 Introduction -- C.2 A Range of Mechanisms Influence Particle Motion and Collection -- C.3 Behavior of Airborne Nanoparticles is Dominated by Brownian Diffusion -- C.4 Particle Volume Equivalent Diameter, Thermodynamic Diameter, and Aerodynamic Equivalent Diameter are Related -- C.5 Particle Size Distributions are Frequently Lognormal -- C.6 Nanoparticles Dominate the Count Distribution -- C.7 Nanoparticles Exist to Some Extent in the Majority of Occupational Aerosols -- C.8 Smaller Particles have a Greater Fraction of Their Atoms at the Particle Surface -- C.9 Number Concentrations of Concern Depend on the Material of Concern -- C.10 Realistic Airborne Particle Number Concentrations can be Limited by Coagulation -- C.11 Smaller Particles are More Difficult to Dislodge from Surfaces than Larger Particles -- Abbreviations, Acronyms and Symbols -- Glossary -- References -- Scientific Committee and Staff
The NCRP -- Officers -- Members -- Distinguished Emeritus Members -- Lauriston S. Taylor Lectures -- Warren K. Sinclair Keynote Addresses -- Thomas S. Tenforde Topical Lectures -- NCRP Publications -- NCRP Reports -- NCRP Commentaries -- Proceedings of the Annual Meeting -- Lauriston S. Taylor Lectures -- Warren K. Sinclair Keynote Addresses -- Thomas S. Tenforde Topical Lectures -- Symposium Proceedings -- NCRP Statements -- Other Documents
Notes
Title page: March 2, 2017
ISBN
9780913392041
9780913392027
Language
English
Material Type
Ebook
Audience
Professional
Location
Internet
Website Notes
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